BIOMECHANICAL MODELLING OF THE HUMAN SKULL STRESS STATE UNDER IMPACT BY CYLINDRICAL SOLID

Skull fractures are quite often observed in victims of falls, traffic accidents, attacks with the use bats and rods. The aim study is to assess stress-strain state human head under impact on basis finite element modelling. applied frontal region bone by middle part end a cylindrical solid (a rod). differently oriented respect relation Frankfurt plane. model includes epidermis (skin), structures skull, lower jaw, eyeballs, teeth, meninges (dura, arachnoid pia mater), cerebrum (white gray matter), cerebellum, brain stem, muscles ligaments. elements described models linearly elastic material, viscoelastic incompressible an elastic-plastic material considering fracture, hyper-elastic material. eyeballs assumed as absolutely rigid. analysis was carried out for different values initial velocity rod, corresponding moment its contact skin head. It found that maximum equivalent stresses deformations skull occur rod compared end. action leads if located at angle 60° vertical. intersection sagittal coronal sutures, greater extent, significant along suture. results obtained can be used experts field forensic science evaluate various scenarios occurrence traumatic injury substantiate further investigations.